VECTOR's are officially column vectors (so it would be 3x1) for matrix multiplications, but will behave as row vectors in other situations if that appears more convenient. DISPLAY would be a good example. I doubt very many people would like to see a multiple line output for a 20 vector. Thus the ector is shown in a single row because that looks best, and tr(c) is shown in a row because it's a 1xn array. You can always use %rows and %cols to get the actual sizes as they would be used in matrix arithmetic.